SOURCES & CITATIONS

Archaeological and literary evidence for astragali

HOW WE VERIFY

Our astragali rules are reconstructed from multiple ancient sources including archaeological finds, Greek vase paintings, and literary references from Plato to Martial.

1

Archaeological Evidence

Bones found in excavations with marks indicating gaming use

2

Literary References

Greek and Roman texts describing throws, scoring, and traditions

3

Artistic Depictions

Vase paintings and sculptures showing gameplay

4

Scholarly Analysis

Modern academic interpretation of ancient evidence

CONTENT MARKERS

ПодтвержденоVERIFIED - Confirmed by archaeological or primary literary sources
РеконструкцияRECONSTRUCTION - Scholarly interpretation of fragmentary evidence
ХудожественноеDRAMATIZATION - Artistic license for engagement
УпрощениеSIMULATION - Gameplay simplification from original

PRIMARY SOURCES

📚Источник #1

Greek Games and Festivals in Classical Antiquity

Sofie Remijsen, Cambridge University Press

Опубликовано: 2015

Использовано для: Historical context and gaming traditions

📚Источник #2

Pollux, Onomasticon IX

Julius Pollux, Ancient Greek Encyclopedia

Опубликовано: ~180 CE

Использовано для: Throw names and scoring terminology (Venus, Dogs, Vultures)

📚Источник #3

The History of Dice and Gaming

David G. Schwartz, University of Nevada Press

Опубликовано: 2006

Использовано для: Evolution from astragali to cubic dice

📚Источник #4

Ancient Greek Athletics

Stephen G. Miller, Yale University Press

Опубликовано: 2004

Использовано для: Archaeological evidence from excavations at Greek sites

📚Источник #5

Martial, Epigrams XIV

Marcus Valerius Martialis, Roman Poetry

Опубликовано: ~86 CE

Использовано для: Roman gambling customs and stake traditions

CHANGELOG

2026.01 - Initial release with reconstructed scoring system
Future - Additional variants including Pentelitha (Jacks) planned
Play ASTRAGALI